Bovine Peptic Casein Hydrolysate Ameliorates Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Model of Apoe-Deficient Mice But Not Overweight, Mildly Hyper cholesterolaemic Men

Y.K Chan¹, A.T. Mcgill², R.K. Kanwar³, G.W. Krissansen⁴, N. Haggarty⁵, L. Xin⁶ and S.D. Poppitt⁷*

¹Human Nutrition Unit and School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand; and Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia
²Human Nutrition Unit and School of Population Health, University of Auckland, New Zealand
³Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, New Zealand
⁴Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, New Zealand
⁵Fonterra Research and Development Centre, Palmerston North, New Zealand
⁶Human Nutrition Unit and School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, New Zealand
⁷Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences and Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, New Zealand.

Associations have been shown between consumption of bovine dairy and decreased prevalence of metabolic related disorders. Milk peptides may promote both angiotensin-I- converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition for blood pressure (BP) lowering and insulin action for better glycaemic control. Less is known of other metabolic parameters. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of dairy peptic casein hydrolysate (CH) on markers of cardiovascular disease (CVD)  risk in   (1) an apolipoproteinE (ApoE) - deficient mouse model of high-fat fed hypercholesterolaem- ia, and, (2)  a clinical study of moderate overweight and hypercholesterolaemia.  In Trial 1, ApoE-deficient mice were supplemented with high dose CH (~1g/kg body weight) in a randomised, 9-wk, parallel design intervention, and blood and tissue samples harvested. In Trial 2, 24 mildly hypercholesterolaemic men were supplemented with lower dose CH (~0.1g/kg body weight, 10g/day, 3-wks) and matched whey protein control (WP, 10g/day, 3-wks) in a randomised, 9-wk, cross-over design intervention. Diets were separated by a 3-wk washout. Fasting blood and urine samples were collected, and blood pressure (BP) measured weekly. Clinical trial registration number, ACTRN 12611001013954. In ApoE-deficient mice, administration of CH significantly inhibited circulating total cholesterol concentrations by 37% (TC, P<0.01) and decreased aorta atherosclerotic lesion score by 25% (P<0.01). In the clinical study there were no significant differential effects of CH supplementation on CV markers, including serum lipids (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, triglyceride), glucose and BP. Whilst high dose bovine peptic CH attenuated CVD risk in a murine ApoE deficient model of aggressive hypercholesterolaemia, no evidence of amelioration of risk by supplementation with a lower dose of CH in an overweight population of mildly hypercholesterolaemic men was found.

casein hydrolysate; ApoE deficient mice; overweight;  hyperlipidaemic;  men;  serum cholesterol

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