Optimization of Phenolic Compounds Extraction from Wood Apple (Limonia acidissima L.) Fruit using Experimental Design Methodology

Nisha Singhania* and Aradhita Barmanray

Department of Food Technology, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India.

Corresponding Author Email: nishis290@gmail.com

Wood apple is an underexploited edible fruit, that contains a myriad of phytochemicals and is used in ethnomedicine to treat a variety of diseases. This research uses Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to optimize phenolic compound extraction as significantly influenced by various solvents and extraction conditions including solvent concentration (50-100%), temperature (30-60 oC) and time (2-5 hr) as independent variables, and extraction yield, phenolic content and DPPH activity as dependent variables. The optimal extraction conditions obtained were: methanol (81.46% concentration, 53oC temperature for 3.3 hr); ethanol (73.04% concentration, 45oC temperature for 3.58 hr); acetone (50% concentration, 43.48 oC temperature for 3.06 hr) and ethyl acetate (99% concentration, 49.5oC temperature for 2 hr). The maximum extraction yield (38.14%) along with DPPH activity (80.85%) were observed using methanol, and phenolic content (248.84 mg GAE/g) using acetone. The phenolic compounds (gallic, syringic, vanillic acid etc.) in optimised solvent extract were quantified using Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC-UV).

Antioxidant Activity; Extraction Conditions; Phenolic Content; RSM; UHPLC-UV; Wood Apple Fruit

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