Discrimination of the Indonesian Roasted Arabica Coffees using 1H NMR-based Metabolomics

Nizar Happyana*, Elvira Hermawati, Yana Maolana Syah, Euis Holisotan Hakim

Organic Chemistry Division, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia

Corresponding Author Email: nizar@chem.itb.ac.id

In this report, the roasted Arabica coffees obtained from 4 Indonesian regions were analyzed with 1H NMR based-metabolomics. In total, 23 compounds were detected in the coffee 1H NMR spectra. Orthogonal projection to latent structure-discriminant analysis (OPLSDA) model successfully classified metabolites of the coffees based on their origins. S-plots of two-classes partial least square discriminant analysis (PLSDA) models successfully identified discriminant metabolites for every coffee. Chlorogenic acids, trigonelline, arabinoses were found as the discriminant compounds for Preanger-Java coffee. Lipids, acetic acid and lactic acid were discovered as the characteristic metabolites for Gayo-Sumatra coffee. γ-quinide was found as the most important marker for Bajawa-Flores coffee. Meanwhile, Toraja-Sulawesi coffee were characterized with a balance chemical composition indicating its well-balanced taste. The findings revealed the diversity of Indonesian Arabica coffees and shed more light on scientific information of Indonesian coffees.

Arabica Coffee; Indonesia; Metabolomics; NMR

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