Supplementation of Low Ratio n-6:n-3 PUFA Reduces Body Fatness in Young Obese Balinese Women: A Randomized Study with Optimized Energy Regulation

I Wayan Weta¹, Wayan P Sutirtayasa², Wayan C Sucipta¹, Safarina G Malik³, A.A.Ngurah Subawa⁴ and I Putu Eka Widyadharma^5*

¹Department of Community and Preventive Medicine/Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University/Sanglah Hospital, Bali, Indonesia.

²Postgraduate Program Faculty of Medicine of Udayana University, Bali, Indonesia.

³Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Ministry of Research Technology and Higher Education, Republic of Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.

⁴Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University/Sanglah Hospital, Bali, Indonesia.

⁵Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University/Sanglah Hospital, Bali, Indonesia.

Corresponding Author Email: eka.widyadharma@unud.ac.id

Background and Objectives: Obese Indonesians, including Balinese, are at higher risk of comorbidities like, CVD, diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Urban Balinese are changing their diet from traditional to fast foods and the like that are high in saturated fats. Nutritional modification, such as increasing n-3 PUFA content in the diet, may aid in managing body fat accumulation-related diseases. This study investigated the effects of supplementation of n-6:n-3 PUFA with ratio of 2:1 on body fat reduction in young obese Balinese women.
Methods and Study Design: Sixty-six young obese Balinese women, aged 18-25, were randomly assigned equally into Intervention and Control groups, supplemented with 2100 mg:1100 mg and 240 mg:100 mg of n-6:n-3 PUFAs, respectively. Data were collected at baseline, 6, and 12 weeks of intervention. BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), conicity index, triglyceride concentrations, and Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP) were measured. Participants were advised to maintain <1500-Kcal daily energy intake and participate in a guided low-impact aerobics once a week. Results: After 12-weeks supplementation, all body fat indices (BMI, WC, WHtR, conicity index, and LAP), decreased significantly weather were unadjusted or adjusted by the reduced of energy intake in the Intervention group. Otherwise, in the Control group only some of WC indices (WC, WHtR, and conicity index) decreased stasticically. BMI and WC of the Intervention group decreased significantly more than the Control group. Conclusion: Twelve-week intervention with high-dose of low n-6:n-3 PUFAs ratio and restriction energy intake, reduced body fatness selectively in young obese Balinese women.

Body Fat; Low n-6:n-3 PUFA Ratio; Young Obese Balinese Women

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